runuser — run a command with substitute user and group ID
runuser [options]
−u user command [
argument... ]
runuser [options]
[−] [ user [ argument...
] ]
runuser
allows to run commands with substitute user and group ID. If
the option −u not given,
fallback to su
compatible semantic and shell is executed. The difference
between the commands runuser and su is that runuser does not ask for
password (because it may be executed by root user only) and
it uses a different PAM configuration. The command
runuser does
not have to be installed with suid permissions.
When called without arguments runuser defaults to running an interactive shell as root.
For backward compatibility runuser defaults to not
change the current directory and to only set the environment
variables HOME and SHELL (plus USER and LOGNAME if the target user is not root). This version
of runuser uses
PAM for session management.
−c command, −−command=commandPass command
to the shell with the −c option.
−−session−command=commandSame as −c but do
not create a new session (discouraged).
−f, −−fastPass −f to the
shell which may or may not be useful depending on the
shell.
−g, −−group=groupspecify the primary group, this option is allowed for root user only
−G, −−supp−group=groupspecify a supplemental group, this option is allowed for root user only
−, −l, −−loginStarts the shell as login shell with an environment similar to a real login:
oclears all environment variables except for
TERMoinitializes the environment variables
HOME,SHELL,USER,LOGNAME,PATHochanges to the target user's home directory
osets argv[0] of the shell to '
−' in order to make the shell a login shell
−m, −p, −−preserve−environmentPreserves the whole environment, ie does not set
HOME, SHELL, USER nor LOGNAME.
−s SHELL, −−shell=SHELLRuns the specified shell instead of the default. The shell to run is selected according to the following rules in order:
othe shell specified with
−−shelloThe shell specified in the environment variable
SHELLif the−−preserve−environmentoption is used.othe shell listed in the passwd entry of the target user
o/bin/sh
If the target user has a restricted shell (i.e. not
listed in /etc/shells) the −−shell option and the
SHELL environment
variables are ignored unless the calling user is
root.
−−helpDisplay help text and exit.
−−versionDisplay version information and exit.
runuser
reads the /etc/default/runuser
and /etc/login.defs
configuration files. The following configuration items are
relevant for runuser:
ENV_PATH (string)
Defines the PATH environment variable for a regular user. The default value is
/usr/local/bin:/bin:/usr/bin.
ENV_ROOTPATH (string)
ENV_SUPATH (string)
Defines the PATH environment variable for root. The default value is
/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin.
ALWAYS_SET_PATH
(boolean)
If set to yes and −−login and −−preserve−environment were not specified runuser initializes
PATH.
runuser normally returns the exit status of the command it executed. If the command was killed by a signal, runuser returns the number of the signal plus 128.
Exit status generated by runuser itself:
1Generic error before executing the requested command
126The requested command could not be executed
127The requested command could was not found
/etc/pam.d/runuserdefault PAM configuration file
/etc/pam.d/runuser-lPAM configuration file if −−login is specified
/etc/default/runuserrunuser specific logindef config file
/etc/login.defsglobal logindef config file
Derived from coreutils' su which was based on an implemenation from David MacKenzie and Fedora runuser command from Dan Walsh.
The runuser command is part of the util-linux package and is available from Linux Kernel Archive
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